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Pandemic Flu Information Guide:
| ANNUAL FLU | PANDEMIC FLU |
|---|---|
| Occurs every year during the winter months. | Has occurred three times (1918, 1957, 1968) in the last century and can take place in any season. May come in “waves” of flu activity that could be separated by months. |
| Affects 5-20 percent of the U.S. population. | Experts predict an infection rate of 25-50 percent of the population, depending on the severity of the virus strain. |
| Most people recover within a week or two. | Usually associated with a higher severity of illness and, consequently, a higher risk of death. |
| Deaths generally confined to risk groups, such as the elderly (over 65 years of age); the young (children aged 6-23 months); those with existing medical conditions like lung diseases, diabetes, cancer, kidney, or heart problems; and people with compromised immune systems. | All age groups may be at risk for infection, not just “high risk” groups. Otherwise fit adults could be at relatively greater risk, based on patterns of previous epidemics. For example, adults under age 35 (a key segment of the U.S. workforce) were disproportionately afflicted during the 1918 pandemic. |
| Vaccination is effective because the virus strain in circulation each winter can be fairly reliably predicted. | A vaccine against pandemic flu may not be available at the start of a pandemic. New strains of viruses must be accurately identified, and producing an effective vaccine could take six months. |
| Antiviral drugs are generally available for those most at risk of serious illness. | Antiviral drugs may be in limited supply, and their effectiveness will only be known definitively once the pandemic is underway. |
FOLLOW THESE STEPS TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF FLU:- 1. Wash your hands often. This will help protect you and others against germs. When soap and water are not available, use alcohol-based disposable hand wash or gel sanitizers.
- 2. When coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with a tissue. If you don’t have a tissue, cough or sneeze into your sleeve, not your hands.
- 3. Avoid close contact with people who are sick.
- 4. If you are sick, stay home and away from other people as much as possible, to prevent them from getting sick as well; get plenty of rest and check with your doctor.
- PRACTICE OTHER GOOD HEALTH HABITS:
- 1. Keep healthy: get plenty of sleep, exercise daily, manage stress, drink plenty of fluids, and eat a balanced diet.
- 2. Avoid smoking. Smoking may increase the risk of serious consequences if you get the flu.
- DISCUSS IMPORTANT HEALTH ISSUES WITH YOUR FAMILY AND LOVED ONES:
- 1. Talk about how/where loved ones would be cared for if they become sick and what would be needed to care for them at home.
- 2. Make a plan for someone to care for children/people with special needs if all adults in the household are sick. Are there other family members or neighbors who can fill in? Make those plans now and discuss them with all who need to know.
- HAVE TWO WEEKS WORTH OF MEDICAL AND HEALTH SUPPLIES ON HAND FOR YOU AND YOUR FAMILY. EXAMPLES OF SUPPLIES ARE:
- • Soap or water free alcohol based handwash
- • Medicines for fever such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) or Ibuprofin
- • Cough syrup
- • Thermometer
- • Fluids with electrolytes such as Pedialyte, Gatorade, or other oral rehydration solutions.
- Oral rehydration solutions are used for people who have diarrhea, vomiting or fever. These solutions contain water and salts in specific proportions to replenish both fluids and electrolytes. Oral rehydration products are readily available in most drug stores. It is important to begin giving fluids early in the course of an illness instead of waiting until the situation becomes urgent.
- PRESCRIPTION DRUGS:
- If you or a family member regularly takes prescription drugs, talk to your doctor and insurance plan about having enough medicine on hand to last for several weeks.
- BE PREPARED FOR SHORTAGES OF FOOD, WATER, AND COMMON HOUSEHOLD EMERGENCY SUPPLIES by keeping a supply of non-perishable food items like canned goods and dry cereals, water,
portable radios, batteries, flashlights, garbage bags, and manual can openers.
- • Be prepared for a change in daily routine and make backup plans.
- • Schools may be closed, so consider other child care options.
- • Since being able to go to work may be difficult or impossible, talk to your employer about the possibility of telecommuting or working from home.
- • Transportation services may be disrupted, so consider carpooling options to go to work, schools, and supermarkets.
- • Other public and community services may be disrupted. These could include services provided by hospitals and other health care facilities, banks, stores, restaurants, government offices, and post offices. Think about what you and your family might do if you are cut off from these services.
- • Know your employer’s sick leave and family medical leave policies.
- • Get an annual flu shot. Even those who are not in the high-risk categories should get a flu shot, if enough vaccine is available. Those who have underlying medical conditions and everyone 65, or older, should get a one-time pneumoccocal vaccine.
- • DO NOT go to work, school, or to any public place if you become sick.
- A more comprehensive pandemic planning checklist for individuals and families has been developed by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and can be found at: http://www.pandemicflu.gov.
California State University, Northridge at 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330 / Phone: 818-677-1200 / © 2006 CSU Northridge
Last Updated: 2/21/2007
Last Updated: 2/21/2007